C6H12O6 is the molecular formula for glucose, which is a simple sugar and an important carbohydrate in biology. It is a primary source of energy for cells in many organisms. Glucose plays a critical role in metabolic processes, serving as a substrate for cellular respiration to produce ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the energy currency of cells.
Glucose can exist in different forms, including α-D-glucose and β-D-glucose, depending on the configuration of the hydroxyl group on the first carbon atom. It can also participate in various biochemical pathways, including glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and fermentation.
In addition to its role in energy metabolism, glucose is also important in the synthesis of other biomolecules and is involved in several signaling pathways. It can be found in many foods, particularly in those high in carbohydrates, like fruits and honey.