For the first question regarding the survival of the fittest and its relation to natural selection, the best answer is:
a. Organisms with favorable traits will be naturally selected to pass their traits on to the next generation.
This statement accurately reflects the principle of natural selection, where traits that enhance survival and reproduction become more common in subsequent generations.
For the second question regarding the three species that share a common ancestor but have adapted to live in different environments, the correct answer is:
b. Divergent Evolution
Divergent evolution occurs when related species evolve different traits due to adapting to different environments.