To find the average speed of the buses, we need to first calculate the total distance traveled and then use the total time to find the average speed.
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Calculate the total distance:
- One student rode 8 miles.
- One student rode 10 miles.
- Two students each rode 12 miles.
\[ \text{Total distance} = 8 \text{ mi} + 10 \text{ mi} + 12 \text{ mi} + 12 \text{ mi} = 8 + 10 + 12 + 12 = 42 \text{ mi} \]
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Calculate the total time: Each trip took 30 minutes, and there are 4 students. \[ \text{Total time} = 30 \text{ min} \times 4 = 120 \text{ min} = 2 \text{ hours} \]
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Calculate the average speed: Average speed is calculated as total distance divided by total time. \[ \text{Average speed} = \frac{\text{Total distance}}{\text{Total time}} = \frac{42 \text{ mi}}{2 \text{ h}} = 21 \text{ mi/h} \]
Thus, the average speed of the buses is 21 mi/h.