The functions that the Federal Reserve Banks perform from your provided options are:
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Lending money to financial institutions - The Federal Reserve can lend money to banks and other financial institutions in times of need, typically through the discount window.
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Setting reserve requirements and holding reserves - The Federal Reserve sets reserve requirements, which dictate the amount of funds that banks must hold in reserve and cannot lend out.
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Issuing currency - The Federal Reserve issues the United States currency, which includes the paper bills used in circulation.
The option Setting taxation levels is not a function of the Federal Reserve; taxation is determined by the federal government and not by the Federal Reserve Banks.
So, the correct selections are:
- Lending money to financial institutions
- Setting reserve requirements and holding reserves
- Issuing currency