In the early 20th century, Congress deemed the following to be essential for an efficient banking system:
- Decentralization
- Centralization
These concepts reflect the balance between local control and stability provided by a centralized system, particularly in the context of the establishment of the Federal Reserve System in 1913, which aimed to create a more stable and flexible banking framework in the United States.
The options "Public control," "Freedom from regulation," and "International involvement" were not primarily emphasized in the same way during that period.