Aristotle discusses the formation of the "best political community" in his work "Politics." He emphasizes that a political community is best when it consists of a middle class or a large group of citizens who are neither extremely wealthy nor extremely poor. Aristotle argues that this middle class is crucial because:
-
Stability: A middle class tends to promote stability within the political community, as they are less likely to engage in extreme behaviors associated with the rich (who may seek to dominate) or the poor (who may seek to revolt).
-
Moderation: The middle class embodies moderation and provides a balance of interests. They are more likely to be invested in the well-being of the community as they have a stake in both property and the political process.
-
Shared Interests: Since the middle class has common interests that align with both the rich and the poor, they can mediate between these groups and foster cooperation rather than conflict.
-
Participation in Governance: Aristotle believes that citizens who are educated and moderate are better equipped to participate in governance effectively.
Therefore, Aristotle advocates for a political structure that encourages the growth and participation of the middle class, as he views them as essential for achieving a just, effective, and stable political community.