Question
A student observes that in the photoelectric effect, photons need to have well-defined energies in order to move electrons. Which statement is correct about this explanation? (1 point)
Responses
A wave model of electromagnetic radiation can sufficiently explain the photoelectric effect.
A wave model of electromagnetic radiation can sufficiently explain the photoelectric effect.
Either a particle model or a wave model of electromagnetic radiation can sufficiently explain the photoelectric effect.
Either a particle model or a wave model of electromagnetic radiation can sufficiently explain the photoelectric effect.
Neither a particle model nor a wave model of electromagnetic radiation can sufficiently explain the photoelectric effect.
Neither a particle model nor a wave model of electromagnetic radiation can sufficiently explain the photoelectric effect.
A particle model of electromagnetic radiation can sufficiently explain the photoelectric effect.
A student explains that she can measure a well-defined frequency for radio waves. Therefore, she says that the wave model accurately predicts the behavior of radio waves. What other evidence supports using the wave model but not the particle model to characterize radio waves?(1 point)
Responses
They are generated by accelerating charged particles.
They are generated by accelerating charged particles.
They can travel through matter but not through a vacuum.
They can travel through matter but not through a vacuum.
They transport energy from one location to another.
They transport energy from one location to another.
They carry different amounts of energy than other forms of EM waves.
A student states, "The wave model is better than the particle model for electromagnetic radiation because it is easier to understand." Is the student's statement a scientific claim?(1 point)
Responses
Yes, it is because simpler scientific models are better.
Yes, it is because simpler scientific models are better.
No, it isn't because the statement is an opinion.
No, it isn't because the statement is an opinion.
Yes, it is because there is ample proof that wave models are easier.
Yes, it is because there is ample proof that wave models are easier.
No, it isn't because the particle model is better than the wave model.
A student makes this statement before conducting an experiment on electromagnetic radiation: "We expect the laser to diffract when passed through a slit." Which of the following explains why the student's statement is not a claim?
(1 point)
Responses
It cannot be verified experimentally.
It cannot be verified experimentally.
It is a prediction or hypothesis.
It is a prediction or hypothesis.
It is a description of the experimental results.
It is a description of the experimental results.
It is part of the evidence to support a claim.
A physician is going to use high-frequency electromagnetic radiation to treat cancer in a patient. Which is a claim about this event?(1 point)
Responses
A wave model is most useful for describing the frequency of the radiation.
A wave model is most useful for describing the frequency of the radiation.
All of the cancer cells in the targeted region will be destroyed by the radiation.
All of the cancer cells in the targeted region will be destroyed by the radiation.
The radiation will destroy the cells by transferring energy to them.
The radiation will destroy the cells by transferring energy to them.
Using gamma rays is the best to treat cancer because they act like particles.
Responses
A wave model of electromagnetic radiation can sufficiently explain the photoelectric effect.
A wave model of electromagnetic radiation can sufficiently explain the photoelectric effect.
Either a particle model or a wave model of electromagnetic radiation can sufficiently explain the photoelectric effect.
Either a particle model or a wave model of electromagnetic radiation can sufficiently explain the photoelectric effect.
Neither a particle model nor a wave model of electromagnetic radiation can sufficiently explain the photoelectric effect.
Neither a particle model nor a wave model of electromagnetic radiation can sufficiently explain the photoelectric effect.
A particle model of electromagnetic radiation can sufficiently explain the photoelectric effect.
A student explains that she can measure a well-defined frequency for radio waves. Therefore, she says that the wave model accurately predicts the behavior of radio waves. What other evidence supports using the wave model but not the particle model to characterize radio waves?(1 point)
Responses
They are generated by accelerating charged particles.
They are generated by accelerating charged particles.
They can travel through matter but not through a vacuum.
They can travel through matter but not through a vacuum.
They transport energy from one location to another.
They transport energy from one location to another.
They carry different amounts of energy than other forms of EM waves.
A student states, "The wave model is better than the particle model for electromagnetic radiation because it is easier to understand." Is the student's statement a scientific claim?(1 point)
Responses
Yes, it is because simpler scientific models are better.
Yes, it is because simpler scientific models are better.
No, it isn't because the statement is an opinion.
No, it isn't because the statement is an opinion.
Yes, it is because there is ample proof that wave models are easier.
Yes, it is because there is ample proof that wave models are easier.
No, it isn't because the particle model is better than the wave model.
A student makes this statement before conducting an experiment on electromagnetic radiation: "We expect the laser to diffract when passed through a slit." Which of the following explains why the student's statement is not a claim?
(1 point)
Responses
It cannot be verified experimentally.
It cannot be verified experimentally.
It is a prediction or hypothesis.
It is a prediction or hypothesis.
It is a description of the experimental results.
It is a description of the experimental results.
It is part of the evidence to support a claim.
A physician is going to use high-frequency electromagnetic radiation to treat cancer in a patient. Which is a claim about this event?(1 point)
Responses
A wave model is most useful for describing the frequency of the radiation.
A wave model is most useful for describing the frequency of the radiation.
All of the cancer cells in the targeted region will be destroyed by the radiation.
All of the cancer cells in the targeted region will be destroyed by the radiation.
The radiation will destroy the cells by transferring energy to them.
The radiation will destroy the cells by transferring energy to them.
Using gamma rays is the best to treat cancer because they act like particles.
Answers
GPT-4o mini
Here are the correct responses to each question:
1. **About the photoelectric effect**:
- **A particle model of electromagnetic radiation can sufficiently explain the photoelectric effect.**
- This is because the photoelectric effect is best explained by the particle (photon) model, which demonstrates that energy quantization is needed to eject electrons.
2. **Supporting evidence for the wave model of radio waves**:
- **They are generated by accelerating charged particles.**
- This is evidence that aligns with the wave model, as radio waves are indeed generated by the oscillation of charged particles and propagate as waves.
3. **Student's statement about the wave model vs. particle model**:
- **No, it isn't because the statement is an opinion.**
- The student’s assertion is subjective, as it reflects a personal viewpoint rather than an objective scientific claim supported by experimental evidence.
4. **Student's statement about diffraction**:
- **It is a prediction or hypothesis.**
- The student's expectation about diffraction is a hypothesis made before conducting an experiment, not a claim.
5. **Claim about using high-frequency electromagnetic radiation to treat cancer**:
- **The radiation will destroy the cells by transferring energy to them.**
- This statement is a claim because it asserts a cause-and-effect relationship that can be tested through further scientific investigation.
1. **About the photoelectric effect**:
- **A particle model of electromagnetic radiation can sufficiently explain the photoelectric effect.**
- This is because the photoelectric effect is best explained by the particle (photon) model, which demonstrates that energy quantization is needed to eject electrons.
2. **Supporting evidence for the wave model of radio waves**:
- **They are generated by accelerating charged particles.**
- This is evidence that aligns with the wave model, as radio waves are indeed generated by the oscillation of charged particles and propagate as waves.
3. **Student's statement about the wave model vs. particle model**:
- **No, it isn't because the statement is an opinion.**
- The student’s assertion is subjective, as it reflects a personal viewpoint rather than an objective scientific claim supported by experimental evidence.
4. **Student's statement about diffraction**:
- **It is a prediction or hypothesis.**
- The student's expectation about diffraction is a hypothesis made before conducting an experiment, not a claim.
5. **Claim about using high-frequency electromagnetic radiation to treat cancer**:
- **The radiation will destroy the cells by transferring energy to them.**
- This statement is a claim because it asserts a cause-and-effect relationship that can be tested through further scientific investigation.