Use the table to answer the question.

Cats Dogs TOTAL
Gray 12 2 14
Brown 9 11 20
Multicolor 17 21 38
TOTAL 38 34 72
Using the two-way frequency table about your local animal shelter, find the conditional probability P(A|B)
where event A
is a person selects a brown animal and event B
is a person selects a cat. Round your answer to the nearest whole number.

(1 point)
P(A|B)
is
%.

1 answer

To find the conditional probability \( P(A|B) \), where event \( A \) is selecting a brown animal and event \( B \) is selecting a cat, we use the formula:

\[ P(A|B) = \frac{P(A \cap B)}{P(B)} \]

  1. Identify \( P(A \cap B) \):

    • This is the probability of selecting a brown cat. From the table, the number of brown cats is 9.
    • Total animals in the shelter is 72.
    • Therefore, \( P(A \cap B) = \frac{9}{72} \).
  2. Identify \( P(B) \):

    • This is the probability of selecting a cat. The total number of cats is 38.
    • Therefore, \( P(B) = \frac{38}{72} \).
  3. Calculate \( P(A|B) \):

    • Now plug the values into the conditional probability formula:

\[ P(A|B) = \frac{P(A \cap B)}{P(B)} = \frac{\frac{9}{72}}{\frac{38}{72}} \]

This simplifies to:

\[ P(A|B) = \frac{9}{38} \]

  1. Convert to percentage:
    • To express this as a percentage, we multiply by 100:

\[ P(A|B) = \frac{9}{38} \times 100 \approx 23.68% \]

  1. Round to the nearest whole number:
    • Rounding 23.68% gives us approximately 24%.

So, the final answer is:

\[ P(A|B) \text{ is } \textbf{24} \text{ %}. \]