The correct distinction between a phrase and a dependent clause is:
A dependent clause cannot stand alone in a sentence, but a phrase can.
To clarify further:
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A dependent clause contains a subject and a verb but does not express a complete thought, meaning it cannot stand alone as a sentence (e.g., "Although he was tired").
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A phrase, on the other hand, does not contain both a subject and a verb and is typically a group of words that functions as a single unit in a sentence (e.g., "in the morning" or "running quickly"). Some phrases may have a noun or a verb, but they do not express a complete thought like a dependent clause does.