All of the statements you've provided highlight different ways petroleum has influenced human activity. However, if you are looking for the statement that most clearly provides concrete evidence of this influence, it would be:
"The availability of petroleum increased the use of cars, trucks, and planes."
This statement directly links the availability of petroleum to a significant change in transportation, which is a major aspect of human activity. The advent of automobiles, trucks, and airplanes fundamentally transformed how people travel and goods are transported, thereby reshaping societies and economies.