Use the table to answer the question.

The table presents the frequency of occurrences for numbers 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 when Jade tossed a cube.
Outcomes 2 4 6 8 10 12
Frequency 10 9 6 15 13 8
Jede tossed a cube with faces numbered with 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12. The results are recorded in the table. What is the smallest discrepancy between the experimental and the expected probability of this experiment? Write your answer in 3 decimal places, rounded to the nearest thousandth.

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Remaining Attempts : 3
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1 answer

To find the smallest discrepancy between the experimental and expected probabilities, we first need to calculate both the experimental probability for each outcome and the expected probability for each outcome.

Step 1: Calculate Total Frequency

Let's first determine the total number of occurrences (total tosses).

\[ \text{Total Frequency} = 10 + 9 + 6 + 15 + 13 + 8 = 61 \]

Step 2: Calculate Experimental Probability

The experimental probability for each outcome is calculated as:

\[ P(E) = \frac{\text{Frequency}}{\text{Total Frequency}} \]

Calculating for each outcome:

  • For 2: \[ P(2) = \frac{10}{61} \approx 0.164 \]
  • For 4: \[ P(4) = \frac{9}{61} \approx 0.148 \]
  • For 6: \[ P(6) = \frac{6}{61} \approx 0.098 \]
  • For 8: \[ P(8) = \frac{15}{61} \approx 0.246 \]
  • For 10: \[ P(10) = \frac{13}{61} \approx 0.213 \]
  • For 12: \[ P(12) = \frac{8}{61} \approx 0.131 \]

Step 3: Calculate Expected Probability

Since the cube is fair and has 6 outcomes, the expected probability for each outcome is:

\[ P(E) = \frac{1}{6} \approx 0.167 \]

Step 4: Calculate Discrepancies

Next, we calculate the discrepancies between the experimental probabilities and the expected probability:

  • For 2: \[ |P(2) - P(E)| = \left| 0.164 - 0.167 \right| \approx 0.003 \]
  • For 4: \[ |P(4) - P(E)| = \left| 0.148 - 0.167 \right| \approx 0.019 \]
  • For 6: \[ |P(6) - P(E)| = \left| 0.098 - 0.167 \right| \approx 0.069 \]
  • For 8: \[ |P(8) - P(E)| = \left| 0.246 - 0.167 \right| \approx 0.079 \]
  • For 10: \[ |P(10) - P(E)| = \left| 0.213 - 0.167 \right| \approx 0.046 \]
  • For 12: \[ |P(12) - P(E)| = \left| 0.131 - 0.167 \right| \approx 0.036 \]

Step 5: Find the Smallest Discrepancy

Now we compare all discrepancies calculated:

  • For 2: 0.003
  • For 4: 0.019
  • For 6: 0.069
  • For 8: 0.079
  • For 10: 0.046
  • For 12: 0.036

The smallest discrepancy is:

\[ \text{Smallest Discrepancy} = 0.003 \]

Step 6: Final Result

Rounding to three decimal places, we write:

\[ \boxed{0.003} \]