Here are the IUPAC names, chemical formulas, and common uses for limewater, quicklime, gypsum, caustic soda, and caustic potash:
1. Limewater
- IUPAC Name: Calcium hydroxide solution
- Chemical Formula: Ca(OH)₂ (dissolved in water)
- Uses:
- Used to test for carbon dioxide, as it turns cloudy when CO₂ is bubbled through it.
- In horticulture for adjusting soil pH.
- As a building material (component of mortar).
- In water treatment to soften water and remove impurities.
2. Quicklime
- IUPAC Name: Calcium oxide
- Chemical Formula: CaO
- Uses:
- Used in the production of cement and mortar.
- In steel manufacturing as a flux.
- For water treatment and in the paper industry.
- In chemical processes, including the production of calcium hydroxide.
3. Gypsum
- IUPAC Name: Calcium sulfate dihydrate
- Chemical Formula: CaSO₄·2H₂O
- Uses:
- Used in the construction industry for making drywall (plasterboard).
- As a soil conditioner in agriculture to improve soil structure.
- In the manufacture of cement.
- As a mold for casting in various industrial applications.
4. Caustic Soda
- IUPAC Name: Sodium hydroxide
- Chemical Formula: NaOH
- Uses:
- Used in soap and detergent manufacturing.
- In chemical industries as a strong base in various chemical reactions.
- For pH adjustment and water treatment.
- As a drain cleaner and in food processing.
5. Caustic Potash
- IUPAC Name: Potassium hydroxide
- Chemical Formula: KOH
- Uses:
- Used in the production of biodiesel.
- In the manufacturing of fertilizers.
- As a strong base in various chemical processes.
- In soap making, similar to caustic soda but for potassium-based soaps.
These compounds are important in various industrial, agricultural, and domestic applications.