The transformationalist perspective on globalization is most closely aligned with World Systems Theory.
Here's a brief overview of why this alignment fits:
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Transformationalist Perspective: This view emphasizes that globalization is a dynamic process that is reshaping societies in complex ways. It acknowledges changes in power dynamics, social structures, and cultural interactions, arguing that globalization is not merely a deterministic process but involves active agency and negotiation among various actors.
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World Systems Theory: Developed by Immanuel Wallerstein, this theory describes the world as a complex social system characterized by a structured social hierarchy and economic interdependence among different nation-states. It accounts for the influences of global capitalism and the interactions between core, semi-peripheral, and peripheral countries. This perspective also acknowledges the fluid and evolving nature of global relations, compatible with the transformationalist view.
In contrast, Dependency Theory and Modernization Theory are more deterministic and suggest more linear and polarized outcomes of globalization, focusing on historical contexts (such as colonial relationships) and economic progress, respectively, rather than the complex and evolving processes promoted by transformationalists.