The wealth of East African city-states was primarily based on trade. These city-states, such as Kilwa, Mombasa, and Zanzibar, were strategically located along important trade routes that linked the African interior with the Middle East, India, and beyond. They engaged in the trade of various goods including gold, ivory, spices, and slaves, which significantly contributed to their economic prosperity. Control of natural resources and some farming also played a role, but trade was the central factor in their wealth.
The wealth of East African city-states was based on (farming. control of natural resources. trade. gold mining
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