An ecosystem is a community of living organisms (plants, animals, microorganisms) interacting with each other and their physical environment (soil, water, air, climate). It encompasses both biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components. Ecosystems can vary in size, from a small pond to a vast forest or even the entire planet, and they are characterized by the flow of energy and the cycling of nutrients. Ecosystems support biodiversity and provide essential services, such as clean air and water, pollination of plants, and climate regulation.
1. What is an ecosystem?
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