Question

refers to a policy of national isolation by abstention from alliances and other international political and economic relations.

Answer 1

The policy of national isolation you're referring to is commonly known as "isolationism." Isolationism advocates for a country to avoid entanglement in foreign alliances, conflicts, and international economic agreements, focusing instead on domestic issues and self-sufficiency. This approach seeks to keep a nation out of international disputes and typically emphasizes the importance of sovereignty and non-interventionism in foreign affairs.