Which of the following pieces of evidence would be considered the most reliable and valid?(1 point)

Question

Responses

data from a single observation of an event that has not been witnessed again
data from a single observation of an event that has not been witnessed again

data collected from a thousand individuals that cannot be reproduced under different circumstances
data collected from a thousand individuals that cannot be reproduced under different circumstances

data reported by a world-renowned expert that cannot be reproduced in a different lab
data reported by a world-renowned expert that cannot be reproduced in a different lab

data collected from a controlled experiment that has been reproduced in several different labs
Herd behavior benefits wildebeests by(1 point)
Responses

allowing altruistic behavior.
allowing altruistic behavior.

increasing the number of resources available.
increasing the number of resources available.

decreasing the chance of spreading disease.
decreasing the chance of spreading disease.

helping individuals find mates.
Group hunting improves a wolf’s ability to(1 point)
Responses

develop its traits.
develop its traits.

sneak up on prey.
sneak up on prey.

evade predators.
evade predators.

surround prey.
Consider the following argument:

Altruistic behavior in groups of related individuals is most likely driven by kin selection since related individuals would share DNA.

Which of the following pieces of evidence would be most likely to weaken this argument?

(1 point)
Responses

Data showing that individuals that share a higher percentage of DNA in a group tend to show the most altruistic behavior between themselves
Data showing that individuals that share a higher percentage of DNA in a group tend to show the most altruistic behavior between themselves

Data showing that food gifts are given more commonly among family members than between unrelated individuals in a group
Data showing that food gifts are given more commonly among family members than between unrelated individuals in a group

Data showing that the more frequent an allele of a gene occurs in a population, the more likely that population performs altruistic behaviors
Data showing that the more frequent an allele of a gene occurs in a population, the more likely that population performs altruistic behaviors

Data showing that only distantly related individuals are most likely to perform altruistic behaviors in order to protect each other
What is a possible consequence for monkeys that exhibit altruism?(1 point)
Responses

Less bonding among family members.
Less bonding among family members.

Fewer offspring survive to adulthood.
Fewer offspring survive to adulthood.

Less fit individuals survive to reproduce.
Less fit individuals survive to reproduce.

Fewer individuals find mates.

Answer 1

Here are the most reliable and valid responses for each question based on the options provided:

1. Evidence Consideration:
   Answer: data collected from a controlled experiment that has been reproduced in several different labs
   This is the most reliable and valid evidence because it involves controlled conditions, is reproducible, and likely provides a strong basis for drawing conclusions.

2. Herd Behavior Benefits for Wildebeests:
   Answer: decreasing the chance of spreading disease.
   Herd behavior can help minimize the spread of disease by having individuals within the group reduce exposure to pathogens.

3. Group Hunting Improves a Wolf’s Ability to:
   Answer: surround prey.
   Group hunting allows wolves to work together to encircle and capture prey more effectively than hunting alone.

4. Weakening the Argument on Altruistic Behavior and Kin Selection:
   Answer: Data showing that only distantly related individuals are most likely to perform altruistic behaviors in order to protect each other.
   This evidence would weaken the argument that kin selection is the primary driver of altruistic behavior by demonstrating that unrelated individuals can also exhibit altruism.

5. Possible Consequence for Monkeys that Exhibit Altruism:
   Answer: Fewer offspring survive to adulthood.
   Altruistic behavior can lead to individuals investing resources in others at a potential cost to their own reproductive success.

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