Personal hygiene habits, including spitting, coughing, and smoking, play a crucial role in the occurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis.
In various parts of Indonesia, many people continue to chew betel because they believe it can strengthen their teeth, alleviate tooth pain, heal minor oral injuries, and freshen breath.
Carelessly spitting out betel remnants can result in environmental contamination and increase the risk of spreading different diseases.
Chewing betel is a vital tradition of the Simalungun community in North Sumatra, particularly during important events like weddings and funerals.
Disposing of red betel saliva improperly contributes to an unclean market atmosphere, causing discomfort and revulsion among others due to noticeable betel residue.
Negative perceptions regarding issues, including health-related matters, can hinder changes in individual behavior.
While attitude plays a significant role in shaping behavior, it is also influenced by various factors such as personal experiences, cultural background, key individuals, mass media, educational systems, religious beliefs, and emotional states.
To enhance environmental cleanliness, community commitment and the sharing of health information are essential for successful behavioral changes.
Betel nut traders often spit indiscriminately due to a lack of awareness about healthy living practices and the risks associated with discarding betel saliva.
Healthcare professionals should provide ongoing health education to encourage changes in behavior concerning public spitting.