Analyze the argument that high levels of inequality have led to political instability in Latin America.(1 point)

Question

Responses

An elite social group with its roots in the power of the Spanish, Portuguese, and French colonial elite still controls much of the region's resources and money. This causes institutions to look after the needs of this elite group, rather than all of a country’s population.
An elite social group with its roots in the power of the Spanish, Portuguese, and French colonial elite still controls much of the region's resources and money. This causes institutions to look after the needs of this elite group, rather than all of a country’s population.

Over time, Latin America’s communist economic and social policies have cooled. For example, many Latin Americans are now able to own private businesses, which was not allowed in the past.
Over time, Latin America’s communist economic and social policies have cooled. For example, many Latin Americans are now able to own private businesses, which was not allowed in the past.

Throughout the twentieth century, economic growth was focused on institutions, such as plantations, that do not supply a lot of well-paid employment. The region has fewer well-paid jobs available than other regions.
Throughout the twentieth century, economic growth was focused on institutions, such as plantations, that do not supply a lot of well-paid employment. The region has fewer well-paid jobs available than other regions.

In the middle of the twentieth century, Cuba appeared to be doing quite well. It was growing economically and socially. By the 1950s, however, it was no longer doing so well.

Answer 1

The argument that high levels of inequality have led to political instability in Latin America is underscored by several key points, particularly focusing on the persistent influence of elite social groups, the limitations of economic systems, and the historical context of power dynamics in the region.

1. Persistence of Elite Control: The first response highlights the enduring dominance of an elite social group descended from the colonial powers of Spain, Portugal, and France. This entrenched elite continues to control a significant portion of the region's resources and wealth. As a result, political institutions often prioritize the interests of this small elite over the broader population, fostering a sense of disenfranchisement among the majority. This disconnection can lead to social unrest, as the populace grows frustrated with policies that do not address their needs, thereby destabilizing political institutions.

2. Economic Policies and Employment: The third response underscores that much of Latin America’s economic growth has historically been tied to sectors that do not generate well-paying jobs. This lack of equitable employment opportunities contributes to societal frustration and increases inequalities in wealth and opportunity. When the majority of the population is unable to access decent-paying jobs, it leads to feelings of discontent and resentment toward the government and economic system, potentially fueling political uprisings and instability.

3. Historical Context: The second response suggests that the easing of strict communist policies has allowed for some entrepreneurial activities. However, this point could also imply that the prior restrictive policies created an environment ripe for discontent. If significant portions of the population remain marginalized or excluded from the benefits of economic liberalization, they may grow increasingly restless, seeking alternatives to the current political order.

4. Case of Cuba: The mention of Cuba in the fourth response serves as a historical example of how initial stability can give way to significant discontent and political upheaval. While Cuba experienced initial success, its eventual economic and social decline illustrates how inequities and failures to adapt can lead to revolutionary changes and instability.

In summary, the argument posits that entrenched inequalities, historical power dynamics, and a lack of accessible economic opportunities contribute to persistent political instability across Latin America. By prioritizing elite interests, failing to create inclusive economic growth, and dealing with past revolutionary sentiments, the region continues to confront challenges that threaten its political stability.