Your overview of child labor during and after the Industrial Revolution highlights a complex interplay of socioeconomic factors. Indeed, many families were driven by necessity to allow their children to work, as industrialization transformed economic structures and job availability.
The financial burden on households was immense as many adults faced low wages and long hours, especially in factories, mines, and other burgeoning industries. Entering the workforce at a young age was often seen as essential for survival, and for some families, it was a way to instill a sense of responsibility and discipline in their children.
Additionally, parents often believed that through work, children would develop skills and a work ethic that would benefit them later in life. They viewed employment as a form of education, preparing their children for the demands of adulthood.
However, it's important to recognize that this perspective often overlooked the detrimental effects of child labor, including exploitation, lack of education, and health issues resulting from hazardous working conditions. Reform movements eventually emerged, advocating for children's rights and better working conditions, which led to legislative changes aimed at restricting child labor and ensuring that children could attend school. This shift reflects evolving societal values regarding childhood, education, and the role of children in the workforce.
The legacy of child labor in the Industrial Revolution remains a significant topic of discussion in history, economics, and labor rights, reminding us of the importance of child protection and the balance between work and education.