The correct equation that shows the relation between the vertices of a dilated figure and the vertices of the original figure when the original figure is dilated using a scale factor of 5 is:
\[ (x_2, y_2) = (5x_1, 5y_1) \]
This equation indicates that each vertex of the dilated figure \((x_2, y_2)\) is obtained by multiplying the corresponding vertex of the original figure \((x_1, y_1)\) by the scale factor of 5.