To determine which statement is true based on the experimental data, we can analyze the distances traveled by the different objects on both surfaces (concrete floor and wooden plank).
When comparing the distances traveled in one second:
Concrete Floor:
- Toy: 26, 33, 28, 30, 27 (Average = 28.8 cm)
- Block: 19, 21, 21, 19, 20 (Average = 20 cm)
- Ball: 37, 33, 40, 36, 42 (Average = 37.6 cm)
- Pen: 25, 27, 19, 22, 26 (Average = 23.8 cm)
Wooden Plank:
- Toy: 22, 24, 20, 26, 26 (Average = 23.6 cm)
- Block: 17, 18, 13, 19, 15 (Average = 16.4 cm)
- Ball: 31, 24, 35, 27, 29 (Average = 29.2 cm)
- Pen: 21, 15, 18, 21, 21 (Average = 19.2 cm)
Now, we compare the average distances to assess friction:
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The ball on the concrete floor: 37.6 cm vs. 29.2 cm on the wooden plank. It traveled further on the concrete floor, indicating less friction on that surface compared to the wooden plank.
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The pen on the concrete floor: 23.8 cm vs. 19.2 cm on the wooden plank. Again, it traveled further on the concrete floor.
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The block on the concrete floor: 20 cm vs. 16.4 cm on the wooden plank. It traveled further on the concrete floor.
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The toy on the concrete floor: 28.8 cm vs. 23.6 cm on the wooden plank. It also traveled further on the concrete.
Given this analysis, we can conclude that in this experiment, the friction on the concrete floor is less than on the wooden plank for all objects tested. Therefore, the statement:
"The wooden plank had less friction than the concrete floor."
is false. The correct statement, based on the data, is:
"The ball being pushed on the concrete floor had the least friction force against it,"
because it traveled the furthest distance compared to the same object on the wooden plank. Thus, the first option is the correct answer.