UNIT ACTIVITY

THE WORLD WARS
OBJECTIVES
In this activity, you will
develop a self-generated historical question related to the World Wars
justify the selection of your historical question
write a thesis and introduction to your essay
draft and revise a five-paragraph argumentative essay to answer your historical question
INTRODUCTION
In this unit, you learned about the major events of World War I and World War II. These global conflicts brought massive consequences for people and nations of the world. For this and other reasons, World War I and World War II have been popular topics of study for historians.
In this activity, you’ll imagine you're a historian who studies the world wars. First, you'll develop a historical question related to the world wars era. Then you’ll write a five-paragraph research essay that argues your stance on your question.
SCORING
Your teacher will score this activity using the following scale (unless your teacher provides you with a different scoring scale):
Task 1: Developing a Historical Question
Task Points: 20
a. Develop a historical question.
10
b. Write a short paragraph to justify your historical question.
10

Task 2: Gathering Your Sources and Writing an Introduction
Task Points: 20
a. Write your thesis for your argumentative essay.
5
b. List three reliable sources to use as evidence for your essay.
5
c. Write your introduction.
10

Task 3: Drafting and Revising Your EssayPlanning a Service Project
Task Points: 40
a. Draft your essay and have it peer reviewed.
15
b. Revise, proofread, and finalize your essay.
25

TASK 1: DEVELOPING A HISTORICAL QUESTION
In this task, you will choose a topic of interest related to World War I, the interwar period, or World War II. Then you will develop a historical question related to this topic.
Part A
First, think about some topics that you might like to research. For example, you might want to research technology during World War I, the Bolshevik Revolution, the role of women during the wars, or the global effects of the Holocaust. Once you choose your topic, you’ll need to develop an open-ended historical question to guide your research. Read more about what makes a good historical question. Write your historical question in the space provided.
Enter your answer to Part A here:

Part B
Next, explain how the question you developed in part A fits the criteria of a good historical question. Your answer should be a short paragraph of 50 to 75 words.
Enter your answer to Part B here:

TASK 2: GATHERING SOURCES AND WRITING AN INTRODUCTION
In this task, you’ll gather sources for your argumentative essay. Then you’ll draft your thesis statement to answer the historical question that you identified in Task 1. Finally, you’ll write your introductory paragraph.
Part A
Write your thesis statement in the space provided. Because this paper is asking you to make an argument, your thesis should clearly state your stance on the answer to your particular historical question. Here are some other tips and instructions for writing a good argumentative thesis statement.
Enter your answer to Part A here:

Part B
Evidence is crucial to writing an argumentative essay. Because you are making a claim, you need to back it up with factual information. For this essay you will need at least three reliable sources. You can use the lessons from this unit or any outside research in the form of books, journal articles, or resources from the Internet to support your thesis.
In the space provided, list the resources you will use for your essay.
Enter your answer to Part B here:

Part C
Next, write your introduction. It should include your thesis statement as well as a brief review of your topic. Your introduction should also tell your readers why they should care about this topic. Remember that your introduction should grab your audience’s interest and make them want to keep reading.
Enter your answer to Part C here:

TASK 3: DRAFTING AND REVISING YOUR ESSAY
Now that you’ve written your thesis, gathered your sources, and written your introduction, it’s time to draft your essay. After you’ve written the first draft of your research paper, you will need to revise and edit it for your final submission.
Part A
Write your essay using any word-processing software that is available to you. Copy and paste your introduction from Task 2 into your paper. Use a standard five-paragraph essay structure, with an introduction, three body paragraphs, and a conclusion. You will also need a works cited page that lists the sources you consulted during your research. Use the checklist below to help you as you draft your essay.

Essay Checklist
introduction paragraph that includes the following elements:
background information about the topic
a clear thesis statement
three body paragraphs that each support the thesis statement
at least one piece of factual evidence in each body paragraph that supports the claim being presented
parenthetical citations for each direct quote, summarization, or paraphrase used as support
proper use of transitional words and phrases between paragraphs to help maintain the flow of the essay
a concluding paragraph that follows from and supports the claims presented in the paper
a clear and consistent point of view and style that is used throughout the essay
a formal and objective tone
capitalization
capitalize words at the beginning of each sentence
capitalize proper nouns
Use correct end punctuation.
grammar and usage
subject-verb agreement
pronoun-antecedent agreement
correct use of frequently confused words
works cited page

Once you have a first draft of your essay, ask a friend, classmate, or relative to review it. Your reviewer can refer to the essay checklist as they read your paper.
What were the biggest issues that your reviewer noted that you need to change in your essay? Be specific. You can answer in a bullet list in the space provided.
Enter your answer to the reviewer feedback question in Part A here:

Part B
Revise your essay based on the comments that your reviewer made. After you’ve finished, proofread your essay one final time for any grammar, punctuation, or spelling errors. Submit your final paper and a copy of your rough draft along with this activity for your teacher to grade.

1 answer

TASK 1: DEVELOPING A HISTORICAL QUESTION

Part A

Historical Question: What were the primary factors that led to the conclusion of World War II in 1945?

Part B

This question fits the criteria of a good historical question because it is open-ended and encourages exploration of various perspectives. It allows for an examination of multiple factors such as military strategies, economic pressures, political alliances, and social impacts, prompting a deeper understanding of the world events that culminated in the end of the conflict. By focusing on "why," it invites analysis rather than a simple narrative.


TASK 2: GATHERING SOURCES AND WRITING AN INTRODUCTION

Part A

Thesis Statement: The conclusion of World War II in 1945 was primarily influenced by military successes of the Allied Forces, the devastating impact of the atomic bomb on Japan, and the collapse of Axis powers, which combined to create an unmanageable situation for the remaining resistance.

Part B

  1. McMeekin, Sean. Stalin's War: A New History of World War II. New York: Basic Books, 2017.
  2. Herring, George C. From Colony to Superpower: U.S. Foreign Relations since 1776. Oxford University Press, 2008.
  3. Suzuki, David. “The Role of the Atomic Bomb in Ending World War II.” Journal of American History, vol. 90, no. 1, June 2003, pp. 45-60.

Part C

World War II, which lasted from 1939 to 1945, stands as one of the most significant events in human history, resulting in substantial shifts in power and territory across the globe. Understanding the conclusion of this devastation is crucial for grasping how such conflicts can be resolved and how they shape our modern world. The end of the war hinged on several factors that not only delivered a military victory for the Allies but also laid the groundwork for future international relations. This essay argues that the conclusion of World War II in 1945 was primarily influenced by military successes of the Allied Forces, the devastating impact of the atomic bomb on Japan, and the collapse of Axis powers, which combined to create an unmanageable situation for the remaining resistance.


TASK 3: DRAFTING AND REVISING YOUR ESSAY

Part A

Essay

Introduction World War II, which lasted from 1939 to 1945, stands as one of the most significant events in human history, resulting in substantial shifts in power and territory across the globe. Understanding the conclusion of this devastation is crucial for grasping how such conflicts can be resolved and how they shape our modern world. The end of the war hinged on several factors that not only delivered a military victory for the Allies but also laid the groundwork for future international relations. This essay argues that the conclusion of World War II in 1945 was primarily influenced by the military successes of the Allied Forces, the devastating impact of the atomic bomb on Japan, and the collapse of Axis powers, which combined to create an unmanageable situation for the remaining resistance.

Body Paragraph 1 The military successes of the Allied Forces were pivotal in overcoming the Axis powers. Key battles, such as the Battle of Stalingrad and the D-Day invasion, marked turning points that shifted the momentum in favor of the Allies. The defeat of German troops in Stalingrad in early 1943 signified the beginning of the end for Nazi Germany, as the Allies began to reclaim territory in Europe. According to historian Sean McMeekin, "The battle dramatically depleted German resources and morale, setting the stage for Allied offensives across Europe" (McMeekin, 125). The successful landing in Normandy, known as D-Day, further solidified this military advantage, leading to the liberation of Western Europe from Nazi control.

Body Paragraph 2 In addition to these military victories, the use of the atomic bomb on Japan significantly influenced the conclusion of the war. In August 1945, the United States dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, compelling Japan to surrender unconditionally. This unprecedented attack not only demonstrated the destructive capability of nuclear weapons but also expedited the end of hostilities. David Suzuki notes, "The bombings shocked the Japanese leadership, illustrating the futility of continuing a war that had already turned against them" (Suzuki, 50). The immediate and catastrophic consequences of the bombings reinforced the urgency for Japan to capitulate, ultimately leading to the formal surrender on September 2, 1945.

Body Paragraph 3 Lastly, the collapse of Axis powers played an essential role in concluding the war. As the war progressed, Italy transitioned from an Axis powerhouse to a victim of invasion by Allied forces, which weakened the coalition against the Allies. Furthermore, Nazi Germany faced challenges on multiple fronts, evidenced by the significant losses in both the Eastern and Western theaters. George Herring states, "The internal strife and strategic miscalculations within the Axis coalition made it increasingly difficult to mount a cohesive defense against the advance of Allied troops" (Herring, 214). This collapse was crucial in diminishing any remaining resistance, paving the way for the Allies to secure victory.

Conclusion In conclusion, the end of World War II in 1945 was the result of a confluence of military, political, and social factors. The successes of the Allied Forces in pivotal battles weakened Axis defenses, while the devastating use of atomic bombs forced Japan to surrender. Finally, the collapse of Axis powers created a situation where continued resistance was no longer viable. Understanding these dynamics not only helps us comprehend the events of the past but also informs our perspective on conflict resolution and international cooperation today.

Works Cited

Herring, George C. From Colony to Superpower: U.S. Foreign Relations since 1776. Oxford University Press, 2008.

McMeekin, Sean. Stalin's War: A New History of World War II. New York: Basic Books, 2017.

Suzuki, David. “The Role of the Atomic Bomb in Ending World War II.” Journal of American History, vol. 90, no. 1, June 2003, pp. 45-60.


Reviewer Feedback Summary

  1. The thesis statement needed to be clearer.
  2. Some paragraphs required more evidence and citations.
  3. Ensure proper transitions between paragraphs for flow.
  4. Check for grammatical and punctuation errors.
  5. Add more context in the conclusion regarding the impact on the post-war world.

Part B

[After making corrections and revisions based on the reviewer feedback, the final essay will be proofread for grammar, punctuation, and clarity. Then, I would submit both the final draft and the rough draft with notes for review.]