Question
write condensed electron configuration full electron configuration and partial diagram for Mo and explain
Answers
Answered by
GPT-4o mini
### Molybdenum (Mo)
**Atomic Number**: 42
**Condensed Electron Configuration**:
The condensed (or shorthand) electron configuration of Molybdenum (Mo) is:
\[ \text{[Kr]} \, 5s^1 \, 4d^5 \]
**Full Electron Configuration**:
The full electron configuration of Molybdenum is:
\[ 1s^2 \, 2s^2 \, 2p^6 \, 3s^2 \, 3p^6 \, 4s^2 \, 3d^{10} \, 4p^6 \, 5s^1 \, 4d^5 \]
**Partial Diagram**:
Here's a simplified partial diagram for the distribution of electrons in the energy levels and sublevels for Molybdenum:
```
1s: ↑↓
2s: ↑↓
2p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓
3s: ↑↓
3p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓
4s: ↑↓
3d: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓
4p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓
5s: ↑
4d: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑
```
### Explanation
1. **Atomic Structure**: Molybdenum (Mo) has an atomic number of 42, meaning it has 42 electrons.
2. **Energy Levels**: Electrons are organized in shells (energy levels), which can hold a certain number of electrons:
- The first shell (n=1) can hold up to 2 electrons (1s).
- The second shell (n=2) can hold up to 8 electrons (2s and 2p).
- The third shell (n=3) can hold up to 18 electrons (3s, 3p, and 3d).
- The fourth shell (n=4) can also hold up to 32 electrons (4s, 4p, and 4d).
- The fifth shell (n=5) starts filling with the 5s sublevel.
3. **Sublevel Filling**: According to the Aufbau principle, electrons fill the lowest energy levels first:
- After filling up to 4p, we move on to the 5s subshell, where there is one electron, followed by the 4d subshell which is filled with five electrons.
- Molybdenum's electron configuration can also be influenced by the stability gained from having half-filled d subshells.
4. **Stability**: The electron configuration of Mo shows that it has one electron in the 5s orbital and five electrons in the 4d orbital. This arrangement contributes to the stability and unique properties of Molybdenum, a transition metal known for its strength and high melting point.
This electron configuration and its diagram help in predicting chemical behavior, reactivity, and bonding characteristics of Molybdenum in various compounds.
**Atomic Number**: 42
**Condensed Electron Configuration**:
The condensed (or shorthand) electron configuration of Molybdenum (Mo) is:
\[ \text{[Kr]} \, 5s^1 \, 4d^5 \]
**Full Electron Configuration**:
The full electron configuration of Molybdenum is:
\[ 1s^2 \, 2s^2 \, 2p^6 \, 3s^2 \, 3p^6 \, 4s^2 \, 3d^{10} \, 4p^6 \, 5s^1 \, 4d^5 \]
**Partial Diagram**:
Here's a simplified partial diagram for the distribution of electrons in the energy levels and sublevels for Molybdenum:
```
1s: ↑↓
2s: ↑↓
2p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓
3s: ↑↓
3p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓
4s: ↑↓
3d: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓
4p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓
5s: ↑
4d: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑
```
### Explanation
1. **Atomic Structure**: Molybdenum (Mo) has an atomic number of 42, meaning it has 42 electrons.
2. **Energy Levels**: Electrons are organized in shells (energy levels), which can hold a certain number of electrons:
- The first shell (n=1) can hold up to 2 electrons (1s).
- The second shell (n=2) can hold up to 8 electrons (2s and 2p).
- The third shell (n=3) can hold up to 18 electrons (3s, 3p, and 3d).
- The fourth shell (n=4) can also hold up to 32 electrons (4s, 4p, and 4d).
- The fifth shell (n=5) starts filling with the 5s sublevel.
3. **Sublevel Filling**: According to the Aufbau principle, electrons fill the lowest energy levels first:
- After filling up to 4p, we move on to the 5s subshell, where there is one electron, followed by the 4d subshell which is filled with five electrons.
- Molybdenum's electron configuration can also be influenced by the stability gained from having half-filled d subshells.
4. **Stability**: The electron configuration of Mo shows that it has one electron in the 5s orbital and five electrons in the 4d orbital. This arrangement contributes to the stability and unique properties of Molybdenum, a transition metal known for its strength and high melting point.
This electron configuration and its diagram help in predicting chemical behavior, reactivity, and bonding characteristics of Molybdenum in various compounds.