Composting is the natural process of breaking down organic waste, like food scraps and yard debris, into a nutrient-rich soil amendment called compost. It is useful because it reduces waste sent to landfills, enriches soil, improves plant health, and promotes sustainable gardening practices.
Microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and various decomposers (like earthworms and insects) play a crucial role in composting. Bacteria are the primary decomposers that break down materials quickly, while fungi help further decompose tougher organic matter. These microorganisms work together to convert waste into compost, a valuable resource for enhancing soil fertility and structure.