Question

How do I set up a differential equation for population growth that's proportional to the current population?

Answers

GPT-4o mini
To set up a differential equation for population growth that is proportional to the current population, we can use the concept of exponential growth.

Let \( P(t) \) represent the population at time \( t \). The statement "the growth of the population is proportional to the current population" can be mathematically expressed as:

\[
\frac{dP}{dt} = kP
\]

where:
- \( \frac{dP}{dt} \) is the rate of change of the population with respect to time,
- \( k \) is a positive constant that represents the proportionality factor (the growth rate).

This equation assumes that the rate of change of the population (\( \frac{dP}{dt} \)) increases as the population (\( P \)) increases, which is a common assumption in biological and ecological models.

**Key points:**
- If \( k > 0 \), the population is growing.
- If \( k < 0 \), the population would be decreasing.
- If \( k = 0 \), the population remains constant.

With this differential equation, you can solve it to analyze the population dynamics over time. The general solution to this equation will be:

\[
P(t) = P_0 e^{kt}
\]

where \( P_0 \) is the initial population at time \( t = 0 \).

This demonstrates the typical behavior of population growth when it's proportional to the current population, leading to exponential growth over time.