Peddling and using bicycle gears primarily involve the use of simple machines known as levers and wheels and axles.
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Levers: The pedals of a bicycle can be considered as levers. When you push down on the pedals, you are applying force, which is transferred to the crank and ultimately turns the chainring.
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Wheels and Axles: The bicycle's wheel operates as a wheel and axle system. The rotation of the pedals (through the chainring) turns the rear wheel, propelling the bicycle forward. The gears on a bicycle help adjust the mechanical advantage, making it easier to pedal uphill or faster on flat terrain by changing the ratio of the input force to the output force.
Together, these simple machines allow for efficient movement and control of the bicycle.