The significance of the pictured region, presumably referring to Cuba, to conflict during the Cold War lies primarily in the statement: "The Soviet Union attempted to foster communism within Cuba while stationing nuclear weapons in the country, causing a tense standoff with the United States."
Cuba became a focal point of Cold War tensions after Fidel Castro's revolution brought a communist government to power. The establishment of a close relationship between Cuba and the Soviet Union, including the placement of Soviet nuclear missiles on Cuban soil, led to the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962. This 13-day confrontation is often considered the closest the world came to nuclear war, highlighting the extent of superpower rivalry and the dangers of nuclear escalation during the Cold War era.