The factors that can decrease the primary productivity of an ecosystem from the options provided are:
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Increased cloud cover over a forest ecosystem resulting in less radiant energy - This can reduce photosynthesis, leading to decreased primary productivity.
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Prolonged drought in a grassland ecosystem - Drought can limit water availability for plants, resulting in decreased growth and productivity.
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Urban development replacing a wetland ecosystem - Urban development can lead to habitat loss and reduced ecosystem functions, including lower primary productivity.
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Removal of decomposers from the ecosystem - Decomposers play a crucial role in nutrient cycling; their removal can lead to nutrient depletion, negatively impacting primary productivity.
The correct responses are:
- Increased cloud cover over a forest ecosystem resulting in less radiant energy
- Prolonged drought in a grassland ecosystem
- Urban development replacing a wetland ecosystem
- Removal of decomposers from the ecosystem