Marco is driving to the grand canyon. his distance from the grand canyon decreases 150 miles every 3 hours. after 4 hours, his distance from the grand canyon 200 miles. Marcos distance from the grand canyon in miles y, is a function of the number of hours he drives, x.

what is the rate of change and the initial value write an equation

1 answer

To solve this problem, we need to set up a linear equation that represents Marco's distance from the Grand Canyon as a function of time.

  1. Identify the Rate of Change: Marco's distance from the Grand Canyon decreases by 150 miles every 3 hours. Therefore, his rate of change (slope) can be calculated as follows:

    \[ \text{Rate of Change} = \frac{\text{Change in Distance}}{\text{Change in Time}} = \frac{-150 \text{ miles}}{3 \text{ hours}} = -50 \text{ miles per hour} \]

  2. Initial Value: After 4 hours, Marco's distance from the Grand Canyon is 200 miles. We need to find the initial distance (when \(x = 0\)). If we denote Marco's distance from the Grand Canyon as \(y\), we have:

    • At \(x = 4\): \(y = 200\)

    Using the slope-intercept form of the linear equation, we can express it as:

    \[ y = mx + b \]

    where \(m\) is the rate of change (slope) and \(b\) is the initial value.

    Given:

    • \(m = -50\)

    We can use the information known at \(x = 4\) to determine \(b\):

    \[ 200 = -50(4) + b \] \[ 200 = -200 + b \] \[ b = 200 + 200 = 400 \]

  3. Write the Equation: Now we have both the rate of change and the initial value. The equation that represents Marco's distance from the Grand Canyon as a function of the number of hours he drives is:

    \[ y = -50x + 400 \]

Where:

  • \(y\) is the distance from the Grand Canyon in miles
  • \(x\) is the number of hours driven
  • The rate of change is \(-50\) miles per hour (indicating a decrease),
  • The initial value (distance when \(x = 0\)) is \(400\) miles.