Mechanical advantage (MA) can be calculated using the formula:
\[ \text{Mechanical Advantage (MA)} = \frac{\text{Output Force}}{\text{Input Force}} \]
In your case:
- Output Force = 180 N (the force applied to the load)
- Input Force = 40.0 N (the force applied to the lever)
Now, substituting the values into the formula:
\[ \text{MA} = \frac{180 , \text{N}}{40.0 , \text{N}} = 4.5 \]
Therefore, the mechanical advantage of the lever is 4.5.