The Issei refers to the first generation of Japanese immigrants to the United States and other countries, such as Canada, Brazil, and various South American countries, from the late 19th century to the early 20th century. The term "Issei" comes from the Japanese word for "first generation."
Most Issei immigrants came to the U.S. during periods of labor shortages, often seeking better economic opportunities and escaping hardships in Japan, including overpopulation and poverty. They were primarily male laborers who worked in various sectors, including agriculture, fisheries, railroads, and later in businesses and factories.
Issei immigrants faced significant discrimination and legal restrictions, particularly on the West Coast of the United States. The Immigration Act of 1924 effectively halted Japanese immigration, further marginalizing the Issei community. Despite the challenges, they contributed significantly to the cultural and economic landscape of their new countries and laid the groundwork for the subsequent Nisei, or second-generation Japanese Americans, who were born in the U.S.