ACE inhibitors, or Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme inhibitors, belong to a class of medications primarily used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure), heart failure, and certain conditions that affect the heart and kidneys. They work by inhibiting the activity of the angiotensin-converting enzyme, which decreases the production of angiotensin II, a substance that narrows blood vessels, thereby helping to relax blood vessels and lower blood pressure.
Some common ACE inhibitors include:
- Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril)
- Enalapril (Vasotec)
- Ramipril (Altace)
- Captopril (Capoten)
- Benazepril (Lotensin)
- Quinapril (Accupril)
- Fosinopril (Monopril)
- Trandolapril (Mavik)
ACE inhibitors are often used in conjunction with other medication classes, such as diuretics or calcium channel blockers, for better control of blood pressure or management of heart failure. Additionally, they can provide renal protective effects, particularly in patients with diabetes or chronic kidney disease.
As with all medications, ACE inhibitors can have side effects, including cough, elevated blood potassium levels, low blood pressure, and potential for angioedema (swelling). It is important for individuals taking ACE inhibitors to have regular follow-ups with their healthcare provider to monitor their condition and the medication's effects.