Sure! Here are the answers corresponding to each of your prompts:
12. A group of warriors standing close together in a square
A. phalanx
13. Greek philosopher; socratic method--questioning; sentenced to death for corrupting Athens youth
A. Socrates
14. land surrounded by water on three sides
A. peninsula
15. a long, adventurous journey
A. Odyssey
If you need further details or explanations about any of these terms, feel free to ask!