To evaluate \( \log_{10} 23 \), we can use the definition of the logarithm. The logarithm \( \log_{10} 23 \) represents the exponent to which the base (10) must be raised to produce the number 23.
The possible responses you've given don't correctly evaluate \( \log_{10} 23 \) based on the properties of logarithms. Here's what each option states:
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\( \log_{10} 23 = 23 \): This is incorrect. \( 10^{23} \) is much larger than 23.
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\( \log_{10} 23 = -23 \): This is also incorrect. A logarithm cannot be negative if the argument (23) is greater than 1.
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\( \log_{10} 23 = 1023 \): This is incorrect. This implies \( 10^{1023} \) which is vastly larger than 23.
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\( \log_{10} 23 = 10^{-23} \): This implies that \( 10^{-23} \) equals 23, which is not true.
None of the options you provided correctly evaluate \( \log_{10} 23 \). The correct value can be approximated using a calculator, but based on the choices given, there’s no valid response. A correct evaluation would yield a value that is between 1 and 2 since \( 10^1 = 10 \) and \( 10^2 = 100\), and 23 lies between these two powers.
Thus, the answer is that none of the provided statements accurately represent \( \log_{10} 23\).