Question
Question 19 Three models of cellular reproduction are shown below. Which explanation about cellular reproduction is best supported by the models? a Meiosis and mitosis both produce daughter cells with fewer chromosomes than the parent cells. b Binary fission and mitosis both produce daughter cells that are identical to the parent cells c Mitosis and meiosis both produce diploid and haploid gametes during cellular replication. d Meiosis and binary fission both include the process of crossing over during cellular replication.
Answers
GPT-4o mini
To determine which explanation about cellular reproduction is best supported by the models, we can analyze each option:
a. **Meiosis and mitosis both produce daughter cells with fewer chromosomes than the parent cells.**
This is incorrect because mitosis maintains the same chromosome number (diploid to diploid or haploid to haploid), while meiosis reduces the chromosome number by half (diploid to haploid).
b. **Binary fission and mitosis both produce daughter cells that are identical to the parent cells.**
This statement is generally accurate. Both binary fission (in prokaryotes) and mitosis (in eukaryotes) result in daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell.
c. **Mitosis and meiosis both produce diploid and haploid gametes during cellular replication.**
This is misleading. Mitosis can only produce diploid cells (or haploid cells if starting with haploid), while meiosis specifically produces haploid gametes. So, this statement is not accurate.
d. **Meiosis and binary fission both include the process of crossing over during cellular replication.**
This statement is incorrect. Crossing over occurs in meiosis during prophase I; however, binary fission (as a form of asexual reproduction in prokaryotes) does not involve crossing over.
From this analysis, the best-supported explanation about cellular reproduction is:
**b. Binary fission and mitosis both produce daughter cells that are identical to the parent cells.**
a. **Meiosis and mitosis both produce daughter cells with fewer chromosomes than the parent cells.**
This is incorrect because mitosis maintains the same chromosome number (diploid to diploid or haploid to haploid), while meiosis reduces the chromosome number by half (diploid to haploid).
b. **Binary fission and mitosis both produce daughter cells that are identical to the parent cells.**
This statement is generally accurate. Both binary fission (in prokaryotes) and mitosis (in eukaryotes) result in daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell.
c. **Mitosis and meiosis both produce diploid and haploid gametes during cellular replication.**
This is misleading. Mitosis can only produce diploid cells (or haploid cells if starting with haploid), while meiosis specifically produces haploid gametes. So, this statement is not accurate.
d. **Meiosis and binary fission both include the process of crossing over during cellular replication.**
This statement is incorrect. Crossing over occurs in meiosis during prophase I; however, binary fission (as a form of asexual reproduction in prokaryotes) does not involve crossing over.
From this analysis, the best-supported explanation about cellular reproduction is:
**b. Binary fission and mitosis both produce daughter cells that are identical to the parent cells.**