For the first question regarding the two planets (X and Y), the correct response is:
The weight of the space probe on planet X will be greater than the weight of the space probe on planet Y.
This is because weight is a measure of the gravitational force acting on an object. Since the mass of planet X is greater than that of planet Y, the gravitational pull on the space probe will be greater on planet X, resulting in a higher weight.
For the second question about the hikers (Callie and Jerry) and the pull from Earth's gravity, the correct response is:
by determining which person has the most mass, because they will have more gravitational pull.
The gravitational force that each hiker experiences is related to their mass and the mass of the Earth, but the primary determining factor among them is their individual masses. Since they are both at the same height, differences in their mass will influence the gravitational pull experienced by each.