In music, cadences function as the punctuation marks that provide closure or a sense of resolution at the end of phrases and sections. When aiming for a strong finish to a song, composers and songwriters often utilize specific types of cadences that elicit a sense of finality or emotional impact. Here are a couple of effective cadences that create a strong finish:
Perfect Authentic Cadence (PAC)
- Definition: The Perfect Authentic Cadence is formed by moving from the dominant (V) chord to the tonic (I) chord. This is typically done in root position, and the tonic note is the highest voice in the final chord.
- Impact: The PAC creates a very strong resolution, providing a satisfying conclusion that signals the end of the musical journey. Its full and conclusive nature makes it a favorite for final phrases in classical and popular music alike.
Plagal Cadence (IV - I)
- Definition: The Plagal Cadence moves from the subdominant (IV) chord to the tonic (I) chord. It is often referred to as the "Amen" cadence due to its common use in hymns.
- Impact: While it may not be as strong as the PAC, the Plagal Cadence provides a warm, comforting resolution that can imbue a song with a sense of serenity and completeness.
Deceptive Cadence (V - vi)
- Definition: The Deceptive Cadence involves resolving the dominant chord (V) to a chord other than the tonic, typically the vi chord (relative minor).
- Impact: This creates a moment of surprise or tension, leading listeners to expect a resolution that doesn’t occur. It can then transition into a strong finish following a repetition or a return to the tonic, heightening the emotional weight of the final resolution.
Strong Finish Techniques
- Ritardando and Dynamics: Slowing down the tempo (ritardando) and increasing dynamics (crescendo) leading into the final cadence can also enhance the impact of the finish.
- Repetition: Repeating the final chord or phrase can reinforce the sense of closure, allowing the listener to savor the end of the piece.
In summary, a Perfect Authentic Cadence is generally the most effective choice for creating a strong finish to a song. However, combining various cadences and techniques can further elevate the emotional and structural impact of the conclusion.