Here are the answers to your questions based on historical knowledge:
Question 1: Which factor most contributed to the development of the manor system in Western Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire?
- Response: lack of a central authority and infrastructure
Question 2: The rise of the nation-state in Europe most directly challenged the power of:
- Response: the papacy.
Question 3: What political events contributed to the rise of the Italian city-states?
- Response: the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the Crusades
Question 4: Which of the following most directly contributed to peasants’ inability to build wealth?
- Response: Since manors were self-sufficient, peasants did not need to build wealth.
Question 5: How is feudalism different from manorialism?
- Response: Feudalism controlled relationships between nobles and monarchs.
Question 6: How were monarchs impacted by establishing feudal monarchies?
- Response: Monarchs’ power was divided among lords in exchange for land, which made rebellion more common.
Question 7: How was education impacted as a result of the fall of the Western Roman Empire?
- Response: Roman texts were destroyed and lost to history after Germanic invasions.
Question 8: How did the Church’s landownership impact its political power?
- Response: It increased its political power since under the feudal system land was wealth.
Question 9: Prior to the events of the Crusades, which civilization was the most scientifically and culturally advanced in the world?
- Response: Muslims of the Abbasid Caliphate
Question 10: Which civilizations kept Greco-Roman motifs in visual art alive in the Middle Ages?
- Response: Western Europe and the Byzantine Empire
I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.