Question
Meteorologists track patterns of how air masses move. By analyzing how the air masses interact and change over time, they can understand how weather changes. Decide which type of front passed through the area in the following two examples from the video on Page 7. You may need to pause and re-watch the video.
The weather starts out warm, with some humidity, and low winds. It’s partly cloudy and there is no precipitation. As the front passes through the area, the temperature drops, the wind speed increases, and it rains heavily during a thunderstorm. After the front has passed, the temperature has decreased by 20 degrees, the humidity is lower, and the sky is clear.
Cold Front or Warm Front (circle one)
Describe how the air changed in this example after the masses interacted.
The temperature starts at 65 degrees, with some humidity, the wind speed at nine miles per hour, and partly cloudy skies. As the front passes over the area, the temperature increases to 72 degrees, the humidity increases, the wind speed increases, and it rains. After the front passes, the temperature increases to 82 degrees, the humidity increases to 72 percent, and the wind speed is lower. It is partly cloudy.
Cold Front or Warm Front (circle one)
Describe how the air changed in this example after the masses interacted.
STOP Take a moment to check for understanding. Review your notes for this lesson. Go back and complete any questions you skipped before attempting the quick check. Notes can be used to help you with the quick check questions. Remember, quick checks cannot be redone. AI Created me
Lesson 6: Predicting Weather
Objective: Explain that weather can only be predicted based on how likely it is to happen because it is complicated and has multiple causes.
How are weather forecasts made? -
Page 4: Forecasts are not very accurate when made far in advance. Why is the most recent forecast the most accurate?
Scientists look at many data points to make weather predictions. They use satellites to gather data about various weather conditions, such as: (found on page 4)
Wind speed
Air pressure
Page 5: With the data gathered from the satellites and other tools, scientists use computers to run weather model simulations to predict what the weather will be like. Why do scientists gather data and make models about hurricanes?
STOP Take a moment to check for understanding. Review your notes for this lesson. Go back and complete any questions you skipped before attempting the quick check. Notes can be used to help you with the quick check questions. Remember, quick checks cannot be redone.
Lesson 7: Many Things Affect Weather
Objective: Explain how the sun, landforms, and water bodies affect weather.
Things That Affect Weather:
Sun (Page 3) - The heat from the sun warms air masses (. Does the Sun heat Earth the same all over? What effect does this have on the weather?
Is the temperature the same all throughout the day? What time of day is it warmest?
The Earth’s seasons also play a role in changes in the Earth’s weather. What causes the seasons to change?
Bodies of Water- Shorelines (Page 4) - Which heats up faster: land or water?
This causes the temperature of land and water to be different. The uneven heating of the Earth leads to uneven pressure
distribution which creates __________- and _________- pressure systems.
Air always moves from high to low pressure systems, which creates ______________.
Land Formations- Mountains (Page 5) - What happens to wind when it hits a barrier, like a mountain?
How has the air changed when it reaches the other side of the mountain?
Page 7: A rain shadow is an area of land that receives less rain because it is sheltered by a mountain or hill. Watch me:. Why might a mountain have more plant growth on one side than another?
The weather starts out warm, with some humidity, and low winds. It’s partly cloudy and there is no precipitation. As the front passes through the area, the temperature drops, the wind speed increases, and it rains heavily during a thunderstorm. After the front has passed, the temperature has decreased by 20 degrees, the humidity is lower, and the sky is clear.
Cold Front or Warm Front (circle one)
Describe how the air changed in this example after the masses interacted.
The temperature starts at 65 degrees, with some humidity, the wind speed at nine miles per hour, and partly cloudy skies. As the front passes over the area, the temperature increases to 72 degrees, the humidity increases, the wind speed increases, and it rains. After the front passes, the temperature increases to 82 degrees, the humidity increases to 72 percent, and the wind speed is lower. It is partly cloudy.
Cold Front or Warm Front (circle one)
Describe how the air changed in this example after the masses interacted.
STOP Take a moment to check for understanding. Review your notes for this lesson. Go back and complete any questions you skipped before attempting the quick check. Notes can be used to help you with the quick check questions. Remember, quick checks cannot be redone. AI Created me
Lesson 6: Predicting Weather
Objective: Explain that weather can only be predicted based on how likely it is to happen because it is complicated and has multiple causes.
How are weather forecasts made? -
Page 4: Forecasts are not very accurate when made far in advance. Why is the most recent forecast the most accurate?
Scientists look at many data points to make weather predictions. They use satellites to gather data about various weather conditions, such as: (found on page 4)
Wind speed
Air pressure
Page 5: With the data gathered from the satellites and other tools, scientists use computers to run weather model simulations to predict what the weather will be like. Why do scientists gather data and make models about hurricanes?
STOP Take a moment to check for understanding. Review your notes for this lesson. Go back and complete any questions you skipped before attempting the quick check. Notes can be used to help you with the quick check questions. Remember, quick checks cannot be redone.
Lesson 7: Many Things Affect Weather
Objective: Explain how the sun, landforms, and water bodies affect weather.
Things That Affect Weather:
Sun (Page 3) - The heat from the sun warms air masses (. Does the Sun heat Earth the same all over? What effect does this have on the weather?
Is the temperature the same all throughout the day? What time of day is it warmest?
The Earth’s seasons also play a role in changes in the Earth’s weather. What causes the seasons to change?
Bodies of Water- Shorelines (Page 4) - Which heats up faster: land or water?
This causes the temperature of land and water to be different. The uneven heating of the Earth leads to uneven pressure
distribution which creates __________- and _________- pressure systems.
Air always moves from high to low pressure systems, which creates ______________.
Land Formations- Mountains (Page 5) - What happens to wind when it hits a barrier, like a mountain?
How has the air changed when it reaches the other side of the mountain?
Page 7: A rain shadow is an area of land that receives less rain because it is sheltered by a mountain or hill. Watch me:. Why might a mountain have more plant growth on one side than another?
Answers
GPT-4o mini
**Example 1:**
**Cold Front or Warm Front:** **Cold Front**
**Describe how the air changed in this example after the masses interacted:**
In this example, initially, the air was warm, humid, and calm. As the cold front passed, the temperature dropped significantly (by 20 degrees), wind speeds increased, and heavy rain occurred during a thunderstorm. After the front had passed, the air became cooler, humidity decreased, and the skies cleared, indicating the cooler, denser air brought by the cold front replaced the warmer air.
---
**Example 2:**
**Cold Front or Warm Front:** **Warm Front**
**Describe how the air changed in this example after the masses interacted:**
In this example, the weather began with a temperature of 65 degrees and some humidity. As the warm front passed, the temperature increased to 72 degrees along with rising humidity and increased wind speed, leading to rain. After the front passed, the temperature rose further to 82 degrees, humidity remained relatively high (72 percent), and the wind speed decreased, demonstrating that warm, moist air was moving in, replacing the cooler air.
---
### Weather Forecasts and Predictions
**How are weather forecasts made?**
Forecasts are made by analyzing current atmospheric conditions and historical weather data to identify patterns. They incorporate data from satellites and meteorological instruments.
**Why is the most recent forecast the most accurate?**
The most recent forecasts are based on the latest data and observations, which provide a clearer picture of the current weather patterns and conditions.
### Data Points to Analyze
**Data gathered from satellites include:**
- Wind speed
- Air pressure
**Why do scientists gather data and make models about hurricanes?**
Scientists gather data and create models to predict hurricane tracks and intensities, which helps in preparing for potential landfall impacts and understanding hurricane behavior.
---
### Factors Affecting Weather
**Sun (Page 3):**
- **Does the Sun heat Earth the same all over?** No, the Sun heats different areas of Earth unevenly, which leads to variations in weather conditions.
- **Is the temperature the same all throughout the day?** No, temperatures fluctuate throughout the day, with it typically being warmest in the afternoon.
- **What causes the seasons to change?** The tilt of the Earth's axis as it orbits the Sun causes variations in sunlight and temperature, resulting in the changing of seasons.
**Bodies of Water (Page 4):**
- **Which heats up faster: land or water?** Land heats up faster than water.
- **This causes the temperature of land and water to be different. The uneven heating of the Earth leads to uneven pressure distribution, which creates** high pressure and low pressure systems.
- **Air always moves from high to low pressure systems, which creates** wind.
**Land Formations (Page 5):**
- **What happens to wind when it hits a barrier like a mountain?** The wind is forced to rise over the barrier, which can lead to cooling and condensation, thus potentially causing precipitation.
- **How has the air changed when it reaches the other side of the mountain?** The air becomes warmer and drier as it descends on the leeward side, often resulting in a rain shadow effect.
- **Why might a mountain have more plant growth on one side than another?** The side of the mountain facing the wind receives more moisture and precipitation, fostering greater plant growth, whereas the sheltered side (rain shadow) receives less moisture, resulting in sparser vegetation.
**Cold Front or Warm Front:** **Cold Front**
**Describe how the air changed in this example after the masses interacted:**
In this example, initially, the air was warm, humid, and calm. As the cold front passed, the temperature dropped significantly (by 20 degrees), wind speeds increased, and heavy rain occurred during a thunderstorm. After the front had passed, the air became cooler, humidity decreased, and the skies cleared, indicating the cooler, denser air brought by the cold front replaced the warmer air.
---
**Example 2:**
**Cold Front or Warm Front:** **Warm Front**
**Describe how the air changed in this example after the masses interacted:**
In this example, the weather began with a temperature of 65 degrees and some humidity. As the warm front passed, the temperature increased to 72 degrees along with rising humidity and increased wind speed, leading to rain. After the front passed, the temperature rose further to 82 degrees, humidity remained relatively high (72 percent), and the wind speed decreased, demonstrating that warm, moist air was moving in, replacing the cooler air.
---
### Weather Forecasts and Predictions
**How are weather forecasts made?**
Forecasts are made by analyzing current atmospheric conditions and historical weather data to identify patterns. They incorporate data from satellites and meteorological instruments.
**Why is the most recent forecast the most accurate?**
The most recent forecasts are based on the latest data and observations, which provide a clearer picture of the current weather patterns and conditions.
### Data Points to Analyze
**Data gathered from satellites include:**
- Wind speed
- Air pressure
**Why do scientists gather data and make models about hurricanes?**
Scientists gather data and create models to predict hurricane tracks and intensities, which helps in preparing for potential landfall impacts and understanding hurricane behavior.
---
### Factors Affecting Weather
**Sun (Page 3):**
- **Does the Sun heat Earth the same all over?** No, the Sun heats different areas of Earth unevenly, which leads to variations in weather conditions.
- **Is the temperature the same all throughout the day?** No, temperatures fluctuate throughout the day, with it typically being warmest in the afternoon.
- **What causes the seasons to change?** The tilt of the Earth's axis as it orbits the Sun causes variations in sunlight and temperature, resulting in the changing of seasons.
**Bodies of Water (Page 4):**
- **Which heats up faster: land or water?** Land heats up faster than water.
- **This causes the temperature of land and water to be different. The uneven heating of the Earth leads to uneven pressure distribution, which creates** high pressure and low pressure systems.
- **Air always moves from high to low pressure systems, which creates** wind.
**Land Formations (Page 5):**
- **What happens to wind when it hits a barrier like a mountain?** The wind is forced to rise over the barrier, which can lead to cooling and condensation, thus potentially causing precipitation.
- **How has the air changed when it reaches the other side of the mountain?** The air becomes warmer and drier as it descends on the leeward side, often resulting in a rain shadow effect.
- **Why might a mountain have more plant growth on one side than another?** The side of the mountain facing the wind receives more moisture and precipitation, fostering greater plant growth, whereas the sheltered side (rain shadow) receives less moisture, resulting in sparser vegetation.