According to the manufacturer, the normal output voltage for a particular device is 120 volts. From a sample of 40 devices, the mean was found to be 123.59 volts and the standard deviation was 0.31 volt. The test statistic was then found to be 73.242. Use the test statistic and a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the sample is from a population with a mean equal to 120 volts. State the initial and final conclusion.

A) Reject the null hypothesis; there is not sufficient evidence to warrant a rejection of the claim that the mean voltage is 120 volts.
B) Reject the null hypothesis; there is sufficient evidence to warrant a rejection of the claim that the mean voltage is 120 volts.
C) Fail to reject the null hypothesis; there is sufficient evidence to warrant a rejection of the claim that the mean voltage is greater than 120 volts.
D) Fail to reject the null hypothesis; there is not sufficient evidence to warrant a rejection of the claim that the mean voltage is greater than 120 volts.

1 answer

To evaluate the results of the hypothesis test using the provided data, we can follow these steps:

Step 1: State the null and alternative hypotheses.

  • Null hypothesis (\(H_0\)): The population mean is equal to 120 volts (\(\mu = 120\)).
  • Alternative hypothesis (\(H_1\)): The population mean is not equal to 120 volts (\(\mu \neq 120\)).

This is a two-tailed test.

Step 2: Determine the critical value(s) for a significance level of 0.05. For a two-tailed test with a significance level of 0.05, we split the alpha into two tails, so each tail has an alpha of 0.025.

Using a Z-distribution table, the critical Z-values corresponding to the 0.025 in each tail are approximately \(-1.96\) and \(1.96\).

Step 3: Compare the test statistic to the critical value. The test statistic calculated is 73.242, which is far greater than 1.96.

Step 4: Make a decision. Since the test statistic (73.242) falls outside the range defined by the critical values (-1.96, 1.96), we reject the null hypothesis.

Step 5: State the conclusion. Since we rejected the null hypothesis, we conclude that there is sufficient evidence to warrant a rejection of the claim that the mean voltage is 120 volts.

Thus, the final conclusion corresponds to:

B) Reject the null hypothesis; there is sufficient evidence to warrant a rejection of the claim that the mean voltage is 120 volts.