Sammy fills her bus with gas. The bus has some gas in it, and Sammy fills it at a constant rate each minute. Write an equation that represents this situation. Then use the equation to make a prediction.

This graph represents the linear relationship between the time in minutes and the gallons of gas in the bus. For each minute, the gallons of gas increases at a constant rate. What do the points (4, 75) and (14, 175) represent?
x
y
(4, 75)(14, 175)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
Time (minutes)
Gallons of gas
The point (4, 75) means that after
minutes, there are
gallons of gas in the bus.

The point (14, 175) means that after
minutes, there are
gallons of gas in the bus.

1 answer

Let's start by formulating an equation for the situation described, where \( x \) is the time in minutes and \( y \) is the gallons of gas in the bus.

Given two points on the graph: \( (4, 75) \) and \( (14, 175) \), we can calculate the rate of change (slope) between these two points first:

  1. Calculate the slope (rate of change): \[ \text{slope} = \frac{y_2 - y_1}{x_2 - x_1} = \frac{175 - 75}{14 - 4} = \frac{100}{10} = 10 \] This means that the bus is filled at a rate of 10 gallons per minute.

  2. Use one of the points to write the equation: We can use the slope-intercept form of the equation \( y = mx + b \), where \( m \) is the slope and \( b \) is the y-intercept.

    Using the point \( (4, 75) \): \[ 75 = 10(4) + b \] \[ 75 = 40 + b \] \[ b = 75 - 40 = 35 \] The equation that represents the relationship between time and gallons of gas is: \[ y = 10x + 35 \]

Making Predictions

To predict the amount of gas at any time \( x \), we substitute \( x \) into the equation. For example, after 5 minutes: \[ y = 10(5) + 35 = 50 + 35 = 85 \] So, after 5 minutes, there will be 85 gallons of gas in the bus.

Interpret the Points

Now, referencing the points:

  • The point \( (4, 75) \) means that after 4 minutes, there are 75 gallons of gas in the bus.
  • The point \( (14, 175) \) means that after 14 minutes, there are 175 gallons of gas in the bus.