Question

after an extreme disturbance, what is the first thing to form in an ecosystem?
a rock
b sand
c the plant community
d a group of lichens

Answer 1

After an extreme disturbance, the first things to typically form in an ecosystem are pioneer species that can survive in harsh conditions. In this context, **d) a group of lichens** is the correct answer. Lichens are among the first organisms to colonize bare rock and other inhospitable environments, helping to create soil and pave the way for plant communities to establish later.