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Allusion: (n) a reference to a well-known piece of literature, art, song, event, or person in a work of literature.

Example: His Goliath frame seemed to dwarf the other football players.
“Goliath” is a reference to a character who was a giant. This allusion tells the readers that the boy in the sentence above is much larger than the other football players.

Directions: Underline the allusions in the following sentences, determine to what the writer is referring, and then determine a possible meaning for the allusion. The first one is done for you.

Example: The kindergarteners were frightened of the new principal who reminded them of Cruella DeVille.

Reference to: Cruella DeVille who was a very mean lady in the movie 101 Dalmatians
Possible Meaning: The principal is a mean lady

1. I hoped to sign the birthday card our team bought for Coach, but I couldn’t find a spot to sign my name because someone went all John Hancock on it and signed his name across the whole card.

Reference to: ______________________________________________________
Possible meaning: __________________________________________________

2. I poured myself a cup of coffee in the teacher's lounge and took a sip. It wasn't Starbucks, but the jolt of hot, steamy caffeine helped wake me up.

Reference to: ______________________________________________________
Possible meaning: __________________________________________________

Multiple Choice: Circle the correct answer for each question.
Which of the following is most important in the interpretation of an allusion by a reader and the reference?
the attention of the reader B. the level of meaning
C. understanding the reference

2. Which connection must be made to interpret an allusion?

a personal connection between the author and the referenced subject matter
a connection between what the reader knows and what is referred to in the text
a personal connection between the reader and the author

Lesson 3: Synonyms and Antonyms

Vocabulary: Please write or type the definitions in your own words for each word below.
PLEASE DO NOT COPY and PASTE. (Page 1)

Antonyms are words that mean the ______________ of each other.

Example: Good/Bad, Beautiful/Ugly, Clean/Dirty

Synonyms are words that have the ___________ meaning as one another and must be the same part of speech.

Example: Happy/Glad, Yummy/Tasty,

Context Clues are _____________ in a sentence or paragraph that give ________ about a different word’s _______________.

Antonyms and Synonyms
Directions: Determine if the pairs of Valentine’s Day themed words are synonyms or antonyms.

Elegant Graceful ___________________
Hug Embrace _____________________
Generous Selfish ____________________
Adorable Cute _____________________
Cheerful Sad ______________________
Considerate Thoughtful _______________

Lesson 4: Analogies
Vocabulary: Please write or type the definitions in your own words for each word below.
PLEASE DO NOT COPY and PASTE.

Analogy is a comparison that shows the ________________ between unlike things.

IV.Analogies
Directions- Read the analogy and circle the word that best completes it. Remember, what has to be done to the first word to get to the second is what has to be done to the next set.

Example- tongue : taste :: eyes : see You read the word tongue, what do you do to the word tongue to get to the word taste. You taste with your tongue, so you see with your eyes.

1. Hard : __________ :: big : small.

soft metal large rock

2. Ship : captain :: airplane : __________.

pilot water fly crash

3. Grape : vine :: cherry : __________.

purple tree red fruit

4. Braces : teeth :: __________ : eyes.

make-up contact lenses noses



Multiple Choice: Circle the correct answer for each question.
Which purpose does the double colon serve in an analogy? (Pg. 2)

It tells you what to say.
It ends the analogy.
C. It divides the analogy into two pairs.

2. How do analogies help readers?

help readers analyze the relationship between words.
They help readers understand definitions.
They help readers to better comprehend a plot.

Lesson 5: Connotation and Denotation
Vocabulary: Please write or type the definitions in your own words for each word below.
PLEASE DO NOT COPY and PASTE.

Connotations are the ________________ or ideas that a word suggests.

Denotations are the dictionary definition meaning of a word.

Connotations and Denotations: The words in each pair have the same denotations, but different connotations. \

Denotation: A word's denotation is its literal definition.
For example:
Snake: a limbless reptile with a long, scaly body

Connotation A word's connotation is all the association we have with it.
For example:
A malevolent (evil, bad) person might be called "a real snake"

Choose the word in each pair with positive connotations.

1. Hyperactive / energetic 2. Sentimental / mushy
3. Timid / cowardly 4. Stubborn / strong-willed
5. Scrawny / thin 6. Stylish / faddish

Multiple Choice: Circle the correct answer for each question.
1.Which of the following is the connotation of a word?

the way a word is pronounced B. the feelings a word suggests
C. the literal meaning of a word D. the context of a word

2. The words "carefree" and "untroubled" are related in their denotation. Which choice explains their connotation?

They each have a positive connotation.
B. One has a positive and the other a negative connotation.
C. They each have a negative connotation.

3. If a word does not evoke any feelings, which type of connotation does it have?

Positive B. neutral C. negative

Unit 6 Lesson 6: Stylistic Techniques

Vocabulary: Please write or type the definitions in your own words for each word below.
PLEASE DO NOT COPY and PASTE (Page 5)

Simile is a _________________ of two unlike things using the words ________ or ________.

Metaphor is a ______________ comparison of two unlike things but does ______________ use like or as.

Personification is a type of figurative language where ideas, animals or objects are described by having ___________ characteristics.

Read the following sentences. Then write “S” for “Simile” or “M” for Metaphor next to each sentence:

1. _____ He was as nervous as a long-tailed cat in a room full of rocking chairs.
2. _____ My bed is my magic carpet to dreamland.
3. _____ He ran the mile like a gazelle on the plains.
4. _____ The dawning of a new day is like a blank page in a diary.

Multiple Choice: Circle the correct answer for each question.
Which of the following describes stylistic techniques? (Page 2)

ways to engage readers in literature
comparing relationships of words
using language to add meaning or effect

1 answer

Sure! Let's fill in the blanks based on your requests.

1. I hoped to sign the birthday card our team bought for Coach, but I couldn’t find a spot to sign my name because someone went all John Hancock on it and signed his name across the whole card.

Reference to: John Hancock, who is known for his large and flamboyant signature on the Declaration of Independence.
Possible meaning: Someone signed their name very prominently, taking up a lot of space on the card.

2. I poured myself a cup of coffee in the teacher's lounge and took a sip. It wasn't Starbucks, but the jolt of hot, steamy caffeine helped wake me up.

Reference to: Starbucks, a popular coffee chain known for its quality coffee and wide selection.
Possible meaning: While the coffee isn't as high quality or desirable as Starbucks coffee, it still provided a necessary boost of energy.

Multiple Choice: Circle the correct answer for each question.

  1. C. understanding the reference

  2. a connection between what the reader knows and what is referred to in the text

Lesson 3: Synonyms and Antonyms

Antonyms are words that mean the opposite of each other.

Synonyms are words that have the same meaning as one another and must be the same part of speech.

Context Clues are hints in a sentence or paragraph that give information about a different word’s meaning.

Antonyms and Synonyms

Elegant Graceful Synonyms Hug Embrace Synonyms
Generous Selfish Antonyms Adorable Cute Synonyms Cheerful Sad Antonyms
Considerate Thoughtful Synonyms

Lesson 4: Analogies

Analogy is a comparison that shows the similarity between unlike things.

Analogies

  1. Hard : Soft :: big : small.

  2. Ship : captain :: airplane : pilot.

  3. Grape : vine :: cherry : tree.

  4. Braces : teeth :: contact lenses : eyes.

Multiple Choice: Circle the correct answer for each question.

  1. C. It divides the analogy into two pairs.

  2. help readers analyze the relationship between words.

Lesson 5: Connotation and Denotation

Connotations are the feelings or ideas that a word suggests.

Denotations are the dictionary definition meaning of a word.

Choose the word in each pair with positive connotations.

  1. energetic
  2. sentimental
  3. strong-willed
  4. stylish

Multiple Choice: Circle the correct answer for each question.

  1. B. the feelings a word suggests

  2. A. They each have a positive connotation.

  3. B. neutral

Unit 6 Lesson 6: Stylistic Techniques

Simile is a comparison of two unlike things using the words like or as.

Metaphor is a direct comparison of two unlike things but does not use like or as.

Personification is a type of figurative language where ideas, animals, or objects are described by having human characteristics.

Read the following sentences. Then write “S” for “Simile” or “M” for Metaphor next to each sentence:

  1. S He was as nervous as a long-tailed cat in a room full of rocking chairs.
  2. M My bed is my magic carpet to dreamland.
  3. S He ran the mile like a gazelle on the plains.
  4. S The dawning of a new day is like a blank page in a diary.

Multiple Choice: Circle the correct answer for each question.

Which of the following describes stylistic techniques?

  1. using language to add meaning or effect

If you have any further questions or need more assistance, feel free to ask!