Find the solution to the problem of a three-phase, four-pole, 30-hp, 220-V, 60-Hz, Y-connected induction motor drawing a current of 77 A from the line source at a power factor of 0.88, and determine the motor's efficiency at this operating condition.

1 answer

To solve the problem, we will find the efficiency of the given three-phase induction motor based on the provided specifications.

Step 1: Calculate the input power (P_input)

For a three-phase motor, the input power can be calculated using the following formula:

\[ P_{\text{input}} = \sqrt{3} \cdot V_L \cdot I_L \cdot PF \]

Where:

  • \(V_L\) = Line voltage = 220 V
  • \(I_L\) = Line current = 77 A
  • \(PF\) = Power factor = 0.88

Now, calculate \(P_{\text{input}}\):

\[ P_{\text{input}} = \sqrt{3} \cdot 220 \cdot 77 \cdot 0.88 \]

Calculating \( \sqrt{3} \):

\[ \sqrt{3} \approx 1.732 \]

Now substituting it back into the equation:

\[ P_{\text{input}} = 1.732 \cdot 220 \cdot 77 \cdot 0.88 \]

Calculating that step by step:

  1. Calculate \(1.732 \cdot 220 \approx 381.04\)
  2. Calculate \(381.04 \cdot 77 \approx 29320.08\)
  3. \(29320.08 \cdot 0.88 \approx 25745.27\) W

Thus,

\[ P_{\text{input}} \approx 25745.27 \text{ W} \quad \text{(or 25.75 kW)} \]

Step 2: Determine the output power (P_output)

The output power of the motor can be calculated from its rated horsepower (hp). The conversion from horsepower to watts is:

\[ 1 \text{ hp} = 746 \text{ W} \]

Thus, for a 30 hp motor:

\[ P_{\text{output}} = 30 \cdot 746 = 22380 \text{ W} \quad \text{(or 22.38 kW)} \]

Step 3: Calculate the efficiency (η)

The efficiency (\( \eta \)) of the motor can be calculated using the following formula:

\[ \eta = \frac{P_{\text{output}}}{P_{\text{input}}} \cdot 100% \]

Substituting the values we have:

\[ \eta = \frac{22380}{25745.27} \cdot 100% \]

Calculating:

\[ \eta \approx 0.868 \cdot 100% \approx 86.8% \]

Conclusion

The efficiency of the three-phase, four-pole, 30-hp, 220-V, Y-connected induction motor, under the given operating conditions, is approximately 86.8%.