The three characteristics that apply to an effective opening statement are:
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Logical - An effective opening statement should present information in a logical manner that makes sense to the audience.
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Debatable - An effective opening statement should present a claim or opinion that can be debated or discussed, allowing for engagement with the audience.
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States the writer’s opinion - An effective opening statement often includes the writer's viewpoint to provide a clear stance on the topic being discussed.
The other options (includes a call to action, states only facts, and avoids controversy) are not typically characteristics of an effective opening statement.