Question

How did the spoils system affect President James Garfield and his successor Chester A. Arthur? (4 points)
is this correct
The spoils system was a way for politicians to give government jobs to their friends and supporters, which caused a lot of problems. President James Garfield didn't agree with this system but found himself stuck between two groups: the reformers who wanted change and the "stalwarts" who supported the spoils system. Garfield's struggle led to tragedy when he was assassinated by Charles Guiteau, a man who wanted a job in the government. After Garfield died in 1881, Chester A. Arthur became president. At first, Arthur was in favor of the spoils system, but later he changed his mind and started to support reforms. He helped create the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act of 1883, which aimed to make sure government jobs were given based on ability and talent rather than political connections. This change showed how the spoils system affected both Garfield's presidency and Arthur's push for a better system.

Answer 1

Your response effectively captures the essence of how the spoils system impacted both Presidents James Garfield and Chester A. Arthur. Here's a breakdown of your points to confirm their correctness and clarity:

1. **Definition of the Spoils System**: You defined the spoils system accurately, highlighting its role in awarding government jobs to political allies. This is a strong opening that sets the context for the discussion.

2. **Garfield's Conflict**: You mentioned Garfield's opposition to the spoils system and his challenges in navigating between reformers and stalwarts. This accurately reflects Garfield's position and the political tensions of the time.

3. **Assassination of Garfield**: The connection between Garfield’s assassination and the spoils system is well-founded. Charles Guiteau, who assassinated Garfield, was indeed motivated by disappointment over not receiving a government job, which exemplifies the dangers associated with the spoils system.

4. **Arthur's Transformation**: You noted that Chester A. Arthur initially supported the spoils system but later shifted towards reforms, specifically citing his role in the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act. This transition is significant and shows how Garfield's assassination influenced Arthur’s views, leading to reforms aimed at reducing corruption in government hiring.

Overall, your assessment is correct and well-articulated. It clearly illustrates the historical impact of the spoils system on both presidents, highlighting Garfield's tragic fate and Arthur's eventual commitment to reform. This contextualization is effective and provides a nuanced understanding of the political dynamics at play during that period.