To determine which of the provided options are equivalent to \( \tan \theta \), let’s analyze each one based on trigonometric identities.
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\( \tan(-\theta) \):
- Using the identity \( \tan(-x) = -\tan(x) \), we have: \[ \tan(-\theta) = -\tan(\theta) \]
- Therefore, this is not equivalent to \( \tan \theta \).
-
\( -\tan \theta \):
- By definition, this is simply the negative of the tangent function.
- Therefore, this is not equivalent to \( \tan \theta \).
-
\( \tan(-\theta) \):
- As mentioned previously, \( \tan(-\theta) = -\tan(\theta) \).
- Therefore, this is not equivalent to \( \tan \theta \).
-
\( \tan(\theta + 2\pi) \):
- Using the periodicity of the tangent function, we have: \[ \tan(\theta + 2\pi) = \tan(\theta) \]
- Therefore, this is equivalent to \( \tan \theta \).
-
\( \tan(\theta + \frac{\pi}{2}) \):
- The tangent function has a vertical asymptote at \( \frac{\pi}{2} + n\pi \) where \( n \) is an integer, meaning \( \tan(\theta + \frac{\pi}{2}) \) is undefined.
- Therefore, this is not equivalent to \( \tan \theta \).
Based on the analysis, the only option that is equivalent to \( \tan \theta \) is:
- \( \tan(\theta + 2\pi) \)