What is the critical scale degree that determines major from minor scales and how we feel about the music

Question

Second third fourth or fifth

Answer 1

The critical scale degree that determines whether a scale is major or minor is the third scale degree. In a major scale, the third degree is a major third above the root, which gives it a bright and happy sound. In a minor scale, the third degree is a minor third above the root, contributing to a darker and more melancholic sound. This difference in the quality of the third is a significant factor in how we perceive the emotional character of the music.