Here are the answers to your questions:
Question 1:
The word "inverse" means opposite.
Question 2:
To solve for x, you must subtract 4 from both sides of the equal sign.
(When you have x + 4 = 13, you need to remove 4 to isolate x.)
Question 3:
To solve for x, you must add 7 to both sides of the equal sign.
(When you have x - 7 = 31, you need to add 7 to isolate x.)
Question 4:
The true statement for solving the equation x + 12 = 42 is:
Subtract 12 from both sides of the equal sign. x = 30.
(You subtract 12 to isolate x, which gives you x = 30.)
Question 5:
The true statement for solving the equation x - 6 = 18 is:
Add 6 to both sides of the equal sign. x = 24.
(You add 6 to isolate x, giving you x = 24.)
Feel free to ask if you have more questions!